Forum Sardegna - Quanti erano i Nuragici

maurizio feo ha scritto:

[red]Elsa Gammata ha scritto:
Dunque emergerebbe che in Sardegna ci sono tracce genetiche inconfutabili di popolazioni medio-orientali e/o cananee?

Sì.
Identifying Genetic Traces of Historical Expansions: Phoenician Footprints in the Mediterranean
Pierre A. Zalloua1, 2, 13, Daniel E. Platt3, 13, Mirvat El Sibai1, Jade Khalife1, Nadine Makhoul1, Marc Haber1, Yali Xue4, Hassan Izaabel5, Elena Bosch6, Susan M. Adams7, Eduardo Arroyo8, Ana María López-Parra8, Mercedes Aler9, Antònia Picornell10, Misericordia Ramon10, Mark A. Jobling7, David Comas6, Jaume Bertranpetit6, R. Spencer Wells11, Chris Tyler-Smith4, , and The Genographic Consortium12

1 The Lebanese American University, Chouran, Beirut 1102 2801, Lebanon
2 Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02215, USA
3 Bioinformatics and Pattern Discovery, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Centre, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA
4 The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
5 Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire & Génétique Moléculaire, Université Ibn Zohr, 8106 Agadir, Maroc
6 Institute of Evolutionary Biology, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona, Departament de Ciènces Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
7 Department of Genetics, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
8 Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain
9 Unidad Docente de Medicina Legal, Sección de Biología Forense, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
10 Laboratori de Genètica, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut i Departament Biologia, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
11 The Genographic Project, National Geographic Society, Washington, DC 20036, USA
12 Genographic Consortium members are listed fully in the Acknowledgments section

Corresponding author

13 These two authors contributed equally to this work

Abstract
The Phoenicians were the dominant traders in the Mediterranean Sea two thousand to three thousand years ago and expanded from their homeland in the Levant to establish colonies and trading posts throughout the Mediterranean, but then they disappeared from history. We wished to identify their male genetic traces in modern populations. Therefore, we chose Phoenician-influenced sites on the basis of well-documented historical records and collected new Y-chromosomal data from 1330 men from six such sites, as well as comparative data from the literature. We then developed an analytical strategy to distinguish between lineages specifically associated with the Phoenicians and those spread by geographically similar but historically distinct events, such as the Neolithic, Greek, and Jewish expansions. This involved comparing historically documented Phoenician sites with neighboring non-Phoenician sites for the identification of weak but systematic signatures shared by the Phoenician sites that could not readily be explained by chance or by other expansions. From these comparisons, we found that haplogroup J2, in general, and six Y-STR haplotypes, in particular, exhibited a Phoenician signature that contributed > 6% to the modern Phoenician-influenced populations examined. Our methodology can be applied to any historically documented expansion in which contact and noncontact sites can be identified.
MF